Linux 交互式和非交互式两种更改用户密码方法实例

  最近管理的一批机器,有个需求是要统一修改一个帐号的用户名密码,比如将qa帐号的密码改为1234,后来还为了脚本化,很方便的执行,还使用了非交互式地修改用户的密码,简单记录一下吧.
 
  1.交互式配置本地用户的密码:passwd 命令,代码如下:
 
  [root@host_221-81 ~]# passwd qa
  Changing password for user qa.
  New password:  
  BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
  BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
  Retype new password:  
  passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
  2.非交互式修改本地用户的密码:chpasswd,代码如下:
 
  # chpasswd命令使用起来很简洁
  [root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "qa:1234" | chpasswd
  
  # 使用passwd命令,也可以实现非交互式修改密码
  [root@host_221-81 ~]# echo "1234" | passwd --stdin "qa"
  Changing password for user qa. --phpfensi.com
  passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
  3.使用expect来处理交互式输入,从而实现非交互式的密码修改,代码如下:
 
  #!/bin/sh
  #  
  exec expect -f "$0" "$@"
  if { $argc != 2 } {
      puts "Usage: $argv0 <username> <passwd>"
      exit 1
  }
  set password [lindex $argv 1]
  spawn passwd [lindex $argv 0]
  sleep 1
  expect "assword:"
  send "$passwordr"
  expect "assword:"
  send "$passwordr"
  expect eof
  注意:脚本的第二行,这种写法可能比较陌生,这是在TCL语言中的语法,The backslash is recognized as part of a comment to sh, but in Tcl the backslash continues the comment into the next line which keeps the exec command from executing again.
 
  该脚本的执行结果为:
 
  [root@smilejay ~]# ./change-pwd-expect.sh qa 1234
  spawn passwd qa
  Changing password for user qa.
  New password:  
  BAD PASSWORD: it is too short
  BAD PASSWORD: is too simple
  Retype new password:  
  passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

dawei

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