由 dawei yum upgrade、yum update在linux中都可以用更新新软件安装包或升级软件了,那么这yum upgrade、yum update有什么区别呢?下面我们就一起来看看吧.
在网上看到有人如下总结:
yum -y update
升级所有包,改变软件设置和系统设置,系统版本内核都升级
yum -y upgrade
升级所有包,不改变软件设置和系统设置,系统版本升级,内核不改变.
测试一下所谓yum upgrade于yum update的区别:
基本信息:
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-358.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 22 00:31:26 UTC 2013 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.4 (Final)
man yum：
--obsoletes:This option only has affect for an update, it enables yum´s obsoletes processing logic. For more information see the update command above.
Configuration Option: obsoletes
upgrade:Is the same as the update command with the --obsoletes flag set. See update for more details.
update:If run without any packages, update will update every currently installed package. If one or more packages or package globs are specified, Yum will only update the listed packages.While updating packages,yum will ensure that all dependencies are satisfied. (See Specifying package names for more information)
If the packages or globs specified match to packages which are not currently installed then update will not install them. update operates on groups, files, provides and filelists just like the "install" command.
If the main obsoletes configure option is true (default) or the --obsoletes flag is present yum will include package obsoletes in its calculations - this makes it better for distro-version changes, for example: upgrading from somelinux 8.0 to somelinux 9.
Note that "update" works on installed packages first, and only if there are no matches does it look for available packages. The difference is most noticeable when you do "update foo-1-2" which will act exactly as "update foo" if foo-1-2 is installed. You can use the "update-to" if you’d prefer that nothing happen in the above case.
yum upgrade：
Installed:
kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-504.12.2.el6
Dependency Installed:
libtasn1.x86_64 0:2.3-6.el6_5 p11-kit.x86_64 0:0.18.5-2.el6_5.2 p11-kit-trust.x86_64 0:0.18.5-2.el6_5.2
pkgconfig.x86_64 1:0.23-9.1.el6 shared-mime-info.x86_64 0:0.70-6.el6
Updated:
audit.x86_64 0:2.3.7-5.el6 audit-libs.x86_64 0:2.3.7-5.el6
authconfig.x86_64 0:6.1.12-19.el6 bash.x86_64 0:4.1.2-29.el6
binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 ca-certificates.noarch 0:2014.1.98-65.1.el6
centos-release.x86_64 0:6-6.el6.centos.12.2 chkconfig.x86_64 0:1.3.49.3-2.el6_4.1
coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 coreutils-libs.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6
cpio.x86_64 0:2.10-12.el6_5 cronie.x86_64 0:1.4.4-12.el6
cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.4-12.el6 cryptsetup-luks.x86_64 0:1.2.0-11.el6
cryptsetup-luks-libs.x86_64 0:1.2.0-11.el6 curl.x86_64 0:7.19.7-40.el6_6.4
cyrus-sasl.x86_64 0:2.1.23-15.el6_6.1 cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.23-15.el6_6.1
db4.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4 db4-utils.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4
dbus-glib.x86_64 0:0.86-6.el6 device-mapper.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1
device-mapper-event.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1 device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1
device-mapper-libs.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1 device-mapper-multipath.x86_64 0:0.4.9-80.el6_6.3
device-mapper-multipath-libs.x86_64 0:0.4.9-80.el6_6.3 device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.3.2-1.el6
dhclient.x86_64 12:4.1.1-43.P1.el6.centos.1 dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.1.1-43.P1.el6.centos.1
dracut.noarch 0:004-356.el6_6.1 dracut-kernel.noarch 0:004-356.el6_6.1
e2fsprogs.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6 e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6
efibootmgr.x86_64 0:0.5.4-12.el6 elfutils-libelf.x86_64 0:0.158-3.2.el6
ethtool.x86_64 2:3.5-5.el6 file.x86_64 0:5.04-21.el6
file-libs.x86_64 0:5.04-21.el6 glib2.x86_64 0:2.28.8-4.el6
gnupg2.x86_64 0:2.0.14-8.el6 grep.x86_64 0:2.6.3-6.el6
grub.x86_64 1:0.97-93.el6 grubby.x86_64 0:7.0.15-7.el6
gzip.x86_64 0:1.3.12-22.el6 hwdata.noarch 0:0.233-11.1.el6
initscripts.x86_64 0:9.03.46-1.el6.centos.1 iproute.x86_64 0:2.6.32-33.el6_6
iptables.x86_64 0:1.4.7-14.el6 iptables-ipv6.x86_64 0:1.4.7-14.el6
iputils.x86_64 0:20071127-17.el6_4.2 iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64 0:6.2.0.873-13.el6
kernel-firmware.noarch 0:2.6.32-504.12.2.el6 keyutils-libs.x86_64 0:1.4-5.el6
kpartx.x86_64 0:0.4.9-80.el6_6.3 krb5-libs.x86_64 0:1.10.3-33.el6
less.x86_64 0:436-13.el6 libblkid.x86_64 0:2.17.2-12.18.el6
libcom_err.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6 libcurl.x86_64 0:7.19.7-40.el6_6.4
libdrm.x86_64 0:2.4.52-4.el6 libgcrypt.x86_64 0:1.4.5-11.el6_4
libpciaccess.x86_64 0:0.13.3-0.1.el6 libselinux.x86_64 0:2.0.94-5.8.el6
libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.0.94-5.8.el6 libss.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6
libssh2.x86_64 0:1.4.2-1.el6_6.1 libudev.x86_64 0:147-2.57.el6
libuuid.x86_64 0:2.17.2-12.18.el6 libxml2.x86_64 0:2.7.6-17.el6_6.1
logrotate.x86_64 0:3.7.8-17.el6 lvm2.x86_64 0:2.02.111-2.el6_6.1
lvm2-libs.x86_64 0:2.02.111-2.el6_6.1 mdadm.x86_64 0:3.3-6.el6_6.1
module-init-tools.x86_64 0:3.9-24.el6 mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-3.el6_5
nspr.x86_64 0:4.10.6-1.el6_5 nss.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-3.el6_6
nss-softokn.x86_64 0:3.14.3-22.el6_6 nss-softokn-freebl.x86_64 0:3.14.3-22.el6_6
nss-sysinit.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-3.el6_6 nss-tools.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-3.el6_6
nss-util.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-2.el6_6 openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.39-8.el6
openssh.x86_64 0:5.3p1-104.el6_6.1 openssh-clients.x86_64 0:5.3p1-104.el6_6.1
openssh-server.x86_64 0:5.3p1-104.el6_6.1 pam.x86_64 0:1.1.1-20.el6
pciutils-libs.x86_64 0:3.1.10-4.el6 plymouth.x86_64 0:0.8.3-27.el6.centos.1
plymouth-core-libs.x86_64 0:0.8.3-27.el6.centos.1 plymouth-scripts.x86_64 0:0.8.3-27.el6.centos.1
policycoreutils.x86_64 0:2.0.83-19.47.el6_6.1 postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-6.el6_5
procps.x86_64 0:3.2.8-30.el6 psmisc.x86_64 0:22.6-19.el6_5
python.x86_64 0:2.6.6-52.el6 python-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.6-52.el6
python-urlgrabber.noarch 0:3.9.1-9.el6 rpm.x86_64 0:4.8.0-38.el6_6
rpm-libs.x86_64 0:4.8.0-38.el6_6 rpm-python.x86_64 0:4.8.0-38.el6_6
rsyslog.x86_64 0:5.8.10-10.el6_6 selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.7.19-260.el6_6.2
selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.7.19-260.el6_6.2 setup.noarch 0:2.8.14-20.el6_4.1
shadow-utils.x86_64 2:4.1.4.2-19.el6 sudo.x86_64 0:1.8.6p3-15.el6
system-config-firewall-base.noarch 0:1.2.27-7.2.el6_6 sysvinit-tools.x86_64 0:2.87-5.dsf.el6
tzdata.noarch 0:2015a-1.el6 udev.x86_64 0:147-2.57.el6
upstart.x86_64 0:0.6.5-13.el6_5.3 util-linux-ng.x86_64 0:2.17.2-12.18.el6
xfsprogs.x86_64 0:3.1.1-16.el6 xz-libs.x86_64 0:4.999.9-0.5.beta.20091007git.el6
yum.noarch 0:3.2.29-60.el6.centos yum-plugin-fastestmirror.noarch 0:1.1.30-30.el6
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# reboot
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-504.12.2.el6.x86_64 #内核升级了！
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
yum update:
Installed:
kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-504.12.2.el6
Dependency Installed:
libtasn1.x86_64 0:2.3-6.el6_5 p11-kit.x86_64 0:0.18.5-2.el6_5.2 p11-kit-trust.x86_64 0:0.18.5-2.el6_5.2
pkgconfig.x86_64 1:0.23-9.1.el6 shared-mime-info.x86_64 0:0.70-6.el6
Updated:
audit.x86_64 0:2.3.7-5.el6 audit-libs.x86_64 0:2.3.7-5.el6
authconfig.x86_64 0:6.1.12-19.el6 bash.x86_64 0:4.1.2-29.el6
binutils.x86_64 0:2.20.51.0.2-5.42.el6 ca-certificates.noarch 0:2014.1.98-65.1.el6
centos-release.x86_64 0:6-6.el6.centos.12.2 chkconfig.x86_64 0:1.3.49.3-2.el6_4.1
coreutils.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6 coreutils-libs.x86_64 0:8.4-37.el6
cpio.x86_64 0:2.10-12.el6_5 cronie.x86_64 0:1.4.4-12.el6
cronie-anacron.x86_64 0:1.4.4-12.el6 cryptsetup-luks.x86_64 0:1.2.0-11.el6
cryptsetup-luks-libs.x86_64 0:1.2.0-11.el6 curl.x86_64 0:7.19.7-40.el6_6.4
cyrus-sasl.x86_64 0:2.1.23-15.el6_6.1 cyrus-sasl-lib.x86_64 0:2.1.23-15.el6_6.1
db4.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4 db4-utils.x86_64 0:4.7.25-18.el6_4
dbus-glib.x86_64 0:0.86-6.el6 device-mapper.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1
device-mapper-event.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1 device-mapper-event-libs.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1
device-mapper-libs.x86_64 0:1.02.90-2.el6_6.1 device-mapper-multipath.x86_64 0:0.4.9-80.el6_6.3
device-mapper-multipath-libs.x86_64 0:0.4.9-80.el6_6.3 device-mapper-persistent-data.x86_64 0:0.3.2-1.el6
dhclient.x86_64 12:4.1.1-43.P1.el6.centos.1 dhcp-common.x86_64 12:4.1.1-43.P1.el6.centos.1
dracut.noarch 0:004-356.el6_6.1 dracut-kernel.noarch 0:004-356.el6_6.1
e2fsprogs.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6 e2fsprogs-libs.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6
efibootmgr.x86_64 0:0.5.4-12.el6 elfutils-libelf.x86_64 0:0.158-3.2.el6
ethtool.x86_64 2:3.5-5.el6 file.x86_64 0:5.04-21.el6
file-libs.x86_64 0:5.04-21.el6 glib2.x86_64 0:2.28.8-4.el6
gnupg2.x86_64 0:2.0.14-8.el6 grep.x86_64 0:2.6.3-6.el6
grub.x86_64 1:0.97-93.el6 grubby.x86_64 0:7.0.15-7.el6
gzip.x86_64 0:1.3.12-22.el6 hwdata.noarch 0:0.233-11.1.el6
initscripts.x86_64 0:9.03.46-1.el6.centos.1 iproute.x86_64 0:2.6.32-33.el6_6
iptables.x86_64 0:1.4.7-14.el6 iptables-ipv6.x86_64 0:1.4.7-14.el6
iputils.x86_64 0:20071127-17.el6_4.2 iscsi-initiator-utils.x86_64 0:6.2.0.873-13.el6
kernel-firmware.noarch 0:2.6.32-504.12.2.el6 keyutils-libs.x86_64 0:1.4-5.el6
kpartx.x86_64 0:0.4.9-80.el6_6.3 krb5-libs.x86_64 0:1.10.3-33.el6
less.x86_64 0:436-13.el6 libblkid.x86_64 0:2.17.2-12.18.el6
libcom_err.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6 libcurl.x86_64 0:7.19.7-40.el6_6.4
libdrm.x86_64 0:2.4.52-4.el6 libgcrypt.x86_64 0:1.4.5-11.el6_4
libpciaccess.x86_64 0:0.13.3-0.1.el6 libselinux.x86_64 0:2.0.94-5.8.el6
libselinux-utils.x86_64 0:2.0.94-5.8.el6 libss.x86_64 0:1.41.12-21.el6
libssh2.x86_64 0:1.4.2-1.el6_6.1 libudev.x86_64 0:147-2.57.el6
libuuid.x86_64 0:2.17.2-12.18.el6 libxml2.x86_64 0:2.7.6-17.el6_6.1
logrotate.x86_64 0:3.7.8-17.el6 lvm2.x86_64 0:2.02.111-2.el6_6.1
lvm2-libs.x86_64 0:2.02.111-2.el6_6.1 mdadm.x86_64 0:3.3-6.el6_6.1
module-init-tools.x86_64 0:3.9-24.el6 mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-3.el6_5
nspr.x86_64 0:4.10.6-1.el6_5 nss.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-3.el6_6
nss-softokn.x86_64 0:3.14.3-22.el6_6 nss-softokn-freebl.x86_64 0:3.14.3-22.el6_6
nss-sysinit.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-3.el6_6 nss-tools.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-3.el6_6
nss-util.x86_64 0:3.16.2.3-2.el6_6 openldap.x86_64 0:2.4.39-8.el6
openssh.x86_64 0:5.3p1-104.el6_6.1 openssh-clients.x86_64 0:5.3p1-104.el6_6.1
openssh-server.x86_64 0:5.3p1-104.el6_6.1 pam.x86_64 0:1.1.1-20.el6
pciutils-libs.x86_64 0:3.1.10-4.el6 plymouth.x86_64 0:0.8.3-27.el6.centos.1
plymouth-core-libs.x86_64 0:0.8.3-27.el6.centos.1 plymouth-scripts.x86_64 0:0.8.3-27.el6.centos.1
policycoreutils.x86_64 0:2.0.83-19.47.el6_6.1 postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-6.el6_5
procps.x86_64 0:3.2.8-30.el6 psmisc.x86_64 0:22.6-19.el6_5
python.x86_64 0:2.6.6-52.el6 python-libs.x86_64 0:2.6.6-52.el6
python-urlgrabber.noarch 0:3.9.1-9.el6 rpm.x86_64 0:4.8.0-38.el6_6
rpm-libs.x86_64 0:4.8.0-38.el6_6 rpm-python.x86_64 0:4.8.0-38.el6_6
rsyslog.x86_64 0:5.8.10-10.el6_6 selinux-policy.noarch 0:3.7.19-260.el6_6.2
selinux-policy-targeted.noarch 0:3.7.19-260.el6_6.2 setup.noarch 0:2.8.14-20.el6_4.1
shadow-utils.x86_64 2:4.1.4.2-19.el6 sudo.x86_64 0:1.8.6p3-15.el6
system-config-firewall-base.noarch 0:1.2.27-7.2.el6_6 sysvinit-tools.x86_64 0:2.87-5.dsf.el6
tzdata.noarch 0:2015a-1.el6 udev.x86_64 0:147-2.57.el6 --phpfensi.com
upstart.x86_64 0:0.6.5-13.el6_5.3 util-linux-ng.x86_64 0:2.17.2-12.18.el6
xfsprogs.x86_64 0:3.1.1-16.el6 xz-libs.x86_64 0:4.999.9-0.5.beta.20091007git.el6
yum.noarch 0:3.2.29-60.el6.centos yum-plugin-fastestmirror.noarch 0:1.1.30-30.el6
Complete!
[root@localhost ~]# uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 2.6.32-504.12.2.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Wed Mar 11 22:03:14 UTC 2015 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux
[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release
CentOS release 6.6 (Final)
结论:Centos6.4 升级到 Centos6.6 貌似 yum update 和 yum upgrade 均可.