mysqlhotcopy备份比起系统自带的备份可强大了些,它是采用SQL级别的备份机制,备份成的文件是sql了,这个都差不多,mysqlhotcopy备份支持的存储引擎常用的有MyISAM,innodb,下面一起来看看.
mysqlhotcopy只是简单的缓存写入和文件复制的过程,占用资源和备份速度比mysqldump快很多很多,特别适合大的数据库,但需要注意的是:mysqlhotcopy只支持MyISAM 引擎
1.安装DBD-mysql,代码如下:
#wget http://www.phpfensi.com/upimages/soft/DBD-mysql-4.020.tar.gz
#tar xzvf DBD-mysql-4.020.tar.gz
#cd DBD-mysql-4.020
#perl Makefile.PL --mysql_config=mysql_config
#make
#make install
2.安装perl,代码如下:
#yum -y install perl perl-DBI
使用mysqlhotcopy需要安装perl支持,因为mysqlhotcopy是perl写的.
3.备份示例,代码如下:
#mysqlhotcopy -u root -p 密码 --addtodest 数据库名1 数据库名2 备份目录
4.恢复
停止mysql服务,复制备份的数据库目录到相应的mysql数据目录下,用chown更改目录所有者为mysql服务器运行的用户,启动mysql服务.
5.执行perl Makefile.PL --mysql_config=mysql_config编译的时候如果出现如下错误:
Can't locate ExtUtils/MakeMaker.pm in @INC (@INC contains: /usr/local/lib64/perl5 /usr/local/share/perl5 /usr/lib64/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/share/perl5/vendor_perl /usr/lib64/perl5 /usr/share/perl5 .) at Makefile.PL line 20.
BEGIN failed--compilation aborted at Makefile.PL line 20.
解决方法:
#yum -y install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker
如果还是不行就用下面两条:
#yum -y install perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker*
#yum -y install perl-Time-HiRes*
6.mysqldump和mysqlhotcopy备份shell脚本示例,mysqlbackup.sh,代码如下:
#!/bin/bash
# Enviroment
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin:/bin
# Configure The Directory of Backup
BACKUPDIR=/data/backup/mysql # mysql backup dir
SAVE=4 #how many days to save lastest
HOST=192.168.10.32 # mysql host
ROOT=root # mysql account
ROOTPASS='XXXXXX' # mysql root password
DUMPLIST='mysql database1 database2 database3' # backup with mysqldump
HOTCOPYLIST='database4' # backup with mysqlhotcopy
# define
SQLDIR=$BACKUPDIR/sql/ # mysqldump to sql save path
HOTCOPYDIR=$BACKUPDIR/hotcopy/ # mysqlhotcopy copy files path
TMPDIR=$BACKUPDIR/tmp # temporary dir
DATETIME=`date -d now +%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M` # create date dir
# Create Directory
if [ ! -d $SQLDIR ]; then
mkdir -p $SQLDIR
fi
if [ ! -d $HOTCOPYDIR ]; then
mkdir -p $HOTCOPYDIR
fi
rm -rf $TMPDIR
mkdir -p $TMPDIR
# ----- Backup MySQL -----
# Backup with Database
for dbname in $DUMPLIST
do
mysqldump -h$HOST -u$ROOT -p$ROOTPASS $dbname > $TMPDIR/$dbname.sql
done
for dbname in $HOTCOPYLIST
do
mysqlhotcopy -u $ROOT -p $ROOTPASS $dbname $TMPDIR
done
# move hotcopy dir
cd $HOTCOPYDIR
mkdir -p $DATETIME
cd $DATETIME
for dbname in $HOTCOPYLIST
do //phpfensi.com
mv ../../tmp/$dbname ./
done
# create MySQL tar
cd $SQLDIR
tar -czf $SQLDIR/mysql_backup.$DATETIME.tar.gz ../tmp
rm -fr $TMPDIR
find $SQLDIR -type f -mtime +$SAVE | xargs rm -f
find $HOTCOPYDIR -type d -mtime +$SAVE | xargs rm -rf。